Analogy in Islamic Creed

Abstract

This research paper addresses the fundamental question of the permissibility of using analogical reasoning (Qiyas) in matters of Islamic creed (Aqidah). The study concludes that the application of Qiyas varies according to its type and the specific branch of theology being discussed. It categorizes analogical reasoning into "Qiyas al-Tard" (similarity)—including representative, priority (Awla), and categorical analogies—and "Qiyas al-Aks" (contrast). The findings indicate that in Divinity (Ilahiyat), only the analogy of priority is permissible, provided it adheres to specific conditions such as representing absolute perfection. Conversely, any form of analogy is strictly prohibited in unseen matters (Ghaibiyat) because they rely solely on textual transmission. Regarding legislative matters of creed (Tashri'iyat), all types of analogy are applicable under defined jurisprudential rules.