Eurasian Journal of Humanities and Education Research (EJHER)
Eurasian Journal of Humanities and Education Research (EJHER) (E-ISSN: 3062-3421) is a quarterly (4 issues per year) refereed, double-blind peer-reviewed Humanities Journal | Education Development Journal. The journal aims to unite specialists from various disciplines to exchange information and disseminate knowledge worldwide. We publish articles and research papers in humanities, education development, social sciences, and English literature, such as economics, political science, human geography, demography, psychology, sociology, anthropology, archaeology, jurisprudence, kindergarten, history, and applied linguistics. The journal is non-profit and has open access for scholars, researchers, teachers, and officials interested in the abovementioned fields. Both referees and authors are anonymous, and articles are checked upon reception for plagiarism before being passed on to reviewers. YAYIMCI BİLGİLERİ (Publisher information) Yayımcı Adı: İKSAD GLOBAL YAYINCILIK Yayınlayan Kuruluş: İKSAD GLOBAL YAYINCILIK İmtiyaz Sahibinin Adı-Soyadı: MUSTAFA LATİF EMEK Sorumlu Yazı İşleri Müdürü: ETHEM İLHAN ŞAHİN Editör: Dr. Heba Tawfiqe ABU EYADAH You can submit the journal home page or email the manuscript to ejher.editor@gmail.com
European Academy of Science and Development (EASD)
The positions of the commentators of Ibn Mālik’s Alfiyya regarding Ibn ʿAqīl’s objections to the author in grammatical issues, from the chapter of the indefinite and definite nouns to the chapter of the relative pronoun: a comparative analytical study
This research examines the positions of the commentators of Ibn Mālik’s Alfiyyah regarding Ibn ʿAqīl’s objections to Ibn Mālik’s views on grammatical issues found between the chapter of indefiniteness and definiteness and the chapter of relative pronouns, through a comparative analytical study. The study adopts the descriptive, analytical, and comparative approaches, while also benefiting from the inductive method in tracing points of disagreement and collecting the commentators’ opinions. The research concludes that Ibn ʿAqīl’s objections fall into two types: objections related to the formulation of grammatical expressions and the possible meanings they may imply, and objections related to grammatical interpretation and preference among different opinions. It also shows that the commentators of the Alfiyyah did not agree on a single stance regarding these objections; rather, their positions varied between support, opposition, and reconciliation. Their discussions mostly focused on the precision of expression rather than the core grammatical rule itself. Furthermore, the study concludes that Ibn Mālik’s concise style contributed to the diversity of commentators’ interpretations, and that many disagreements stem from differences in understanding grammatical phrasing rather than differences in the underlying rule.
Ibn Mālik’s Alfiyyah, Ibn ʿAqīl, commentators of the Alfiyyah, Arabic grammar, comparative study
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of Talent Management in Achieving Organizational Commitment: An Application to the Faculty Members at Shendi University
This study examined the role of talent management in achieving organizational commitment, applied to faculty members at Shendi University. The research problem was framed around a main question: "What is the role of talent management in achieving organizational commitment at the university?". The study aimed to provide a conceptual framework for talent management and organizational commitment, as well as to identify the level of organizational commitment among the university's academic staff. Several hypotheses were tested, notably that there is a statistically significant relationship between talent management and affective commitment. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, the study yielded several findings, most importantly that talent management significantly contributes to enhancing affective commitment. Consequently, the study offered a number of recommendations, including strengthening communication channels and providing continuous training programs within the university.
Dr. Alharith Abd Almunem Ahmad Hmadalnile
The Creative Impact of Creative Inspiration on Enhancing Job Performance in Chadian Small and Medium Enterprises
This study aimed to identify the creative impact of creative inspiration on enhancing job performance within Chadian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). As time progresses, the need for innovation intensifies due to the competitive nature of our world and its increasing variables, requiring all entities to respond to the demands of present and future development. Considering that creative inspiration has a clear influence on improving job performance and is a vital and effective means of achieving success, growth, and organizational effectiveness, this study adopted the descriptive-analytical approach to diagnose the subject. The objective was to reach significant indications regarding the impact of organizational creativity on job performance. To achieve this, the researchers designed a questionnaire featuring several research questions to collect primary data from the study sample. Accordingly, data were gathered, analyzed, and hypotheses were tested using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Subsequently, the data were transferred to Microsoft Word for commentary and final determination, while Microsoft Excel was utilized to handle the figures. Finally, the study concluded with a set of results and recommendations.
Creative Impact, Creative Inspiration, Improving Job Performance, Chadian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
Challenges and Opportunities of Peace Studies Centers in Sudanese Universities in Promoting a Culture of Peace and Conflict Management
This study aims to evaluate the roles of peace studies centers in Sudanese universities in promoting a culture of peace and conflict management, while analyzing the challenges facing these centers and the opportunities available for their development. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach by reviewing scientific literature and previous studies related to peace studies in post-conflict societies. The study examined the current state of peace studies centers in Sudanese universities in terms of their academic, research, and community roles, as these centers contribute to conducting scientific research on conflicts, organizing training programs in conflict management and peacebuilding, and disseminating a culture of dialogue, tolerance, and peaceful coexistence within society. The results revealed that peace studies centers in Sudan face several challenges affecting their effectiveness, most notably: inadequate funding, a shortage of specialized personnel, and weak institutional and research infrastructure, in addition to the impact of unstable political and security conditions. Conversely, the study identified significant opportunities for development, including growing international interest in peace and development issues, the increasing need for peacebuilding initiatives in Sudanese society, and the potential for strengthening partnerships between universities, international organizations, and civil society institutions. The study concluded with the importance of adopting a comprehensive strategy to develop peace studies centers in Sudanese universities by strengthening their institutional framework, developing academic and research programs, increasing funding for scientific research in the field of peace, and expanding local and international partnerships to enhance the role of these centers in supporting peace efforts and sustainable development in Sudan.
Peace Studies Centers, Sudanese Universities, Conflict Management, Peacebuilding, Culture of Peace
The Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Counterproductive Work Behaviors: A Case Study of Giad Industrial Group in Sudan (2025)
This study aimed to identify the impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) on Counterproductive Work Behaviors (CWB) within the Giad Industrial Group (2025). The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, and data were collected from a random sample of (217) employees representing the study population. A questionnaire was used as the primary tool for measuring variables, and data were analyzed using the SPSS software. The study reached the following key findings: There is a high level of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and a low level of Counterproductive Work Behaviors within the group. A statistically significant inverse relationship exists between OCB and CWB. Furthermore, Counterproductive Work Behaviors are significantly influenced by all dimensions of Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The results also showed significant differences in OCB mean scores based on gender, favoring males, while differences in CWB favored females. No statistically significant differences were found based on age, educational qualification, job title, years of experience, or monthly salary. The study recommended: linking rewards and incentives to the extra-role behaviors performed by employees; developing effective solutions to curb negative behaviors related to the misuse of time and resources, as these were the most prevalent behaviors within the group; considering an employee's engagement in OCB as a key criterion for promotion to senior management positions; and emphasizing adherence to Islamic values and principles that prohibit engaging in counterproductive work behaviors.
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Counterproductive Work Behaviors (CWB), Giad Industrial Group, Sudan
Causes of Strategy Implementation Failure in Organizations and the Role of Integrated Management Systems in Mitigating Them: An Analytical Study
This study aims to explore the root causes of strategy implementation failure within organizations, focusing on the pivotal role played by the absence of an Integrated Management System (IMS). The paper examines the theoretical definitions of strategic planning, the evolution of the concept of strategic failure, and the critical factors that either facilitate or hinder the implementation process. The study highlights that strategy implementation is a dynamic and complex process influenced by various internal factors, asserting that failure often occurs during the execution phase rather than the formulation stage. Furthermore, the study categorizes a set of barriers and challenges into organizational issues, planning consequences, and administrative or individual obstacles. These include structural weaknesses, poor resource allocation, communication gaps, resistance to change, and ineffective leadership. The paper emphasizes the importance of adopting the International Standard (ISO 9001:2015) as a framework for achieving an integrated management system. Such a system enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of strategy execution and reduces failure risks by integrating operational components into a cohesive system that meets customer requirements and achieves organizational goals effectively.
Strategic Failure, Integrated Management System (IMS), Quality Management System (ISO 9001:2015), Strategy Implementation Barriers, Risk Analysis
An Investigation of the Oral Proficiency Barriers Facing Second-Semester Libyan EFL Students at the Faculty of Education, Janzour
This study aimed at investigating the problems that face EFL Libyan students at the Faculty of Education- Janzour in learning the English-speaking skill. Moreover, it is aimed at identifying the problems that face EFL instructors in teaching the English speaking, besides, the researcher attempted to determine the speaking strategies used by them in teaching this skill. For achieving these aims, the researcher employed the explanatory mixed method design. The quantitative data came from the multiple-choice questionnaire which was assigned to fifty female EFL Libyan students at the Faculty of the Education –Janzour, whereas the qualitative data were drawn from a semi-structured interviews that the researcher conducted with ten (10) EFL Libyan instructors who taught English speaking courses in the same college. Concerning the first objective of the study, the research findings revealed that there was a number of hindrances that diminish the learners from mastering the English-speaking skill adequately; some of which is related to lack of opportunities to practice using the language either inside or outside the speaking classes. Other encumbrances are related to different categories such as affective factors which are expressed in terms of the learners’ anxiety to speak the language, as well as their apprehension of errors, lack of motivation, and of lack of self-confidence. Other obstacles were related to the language itself (linguistic factors). For example, most of the participants expressed that they are unable to speak the language fluently due to their lack of vocabulary, inability to use the grammatical structures correctly. In addition, some of the subjects under investigation clarified that they have listening problems which was the main cause of their lack of prober pronunciation, and they also expressed the lack of subject matter as another reason that diminishes them to speak inside the speaking classes. Other impediments behind the learners speaking deficiency are reported in terms of the subjects’ mother tongue interference, the lack of the proper educational environment and the negative feedback that the learners receive from their instructors. As for the second objective of the study, the obtained data clarified that the instructors come across different problems that hinder their way from teaching the English-speaking skill appropriately. These problems are expressed in terms of the scarcity of the teaching material inside the college, the large number of the students compared with the shortage of time given to the speaking lectures and the learners’ low level of proficiency. Regarding the third objective, the findings revealed that most of EFL Libyan instructors do not use effective teaching strategies. However, they asserted that they teach the English speaking depending mainly on asking the low-level learners to work with the high level once and then they will be asked to choose one of them to say the notes they have written about the topic of discussion. This way is useless since only the high-level learners will have the encouragement to speak however the low-level learners will avoid speaking.
EFL, Speaking Skill, Oral Proficiency Barriers, Libyan Higher Education, Mixed-Method Design, Pedagogical Challenges, Affective Factors, Teaching Strategies
Competitive Rationality as an Entry Point for Enhancing Corporate Success: A Study in Light of Imperfect Procedural Rationality and Total Quality Management Standards
This research paper discusses a fundamental hypothesis stating that corporate success significantly depends on "Competitive Rationality," operationally defined as "Imperfect Procedural Rationality." The study posits that innovative firms strive to create new market opportunities rather than merely exploiting existing ones, a process that requires a profound understanding of the variance in seller and investor responses. Furthermore, the paper reviews Competitive Rationality theory as a framework for developing creative processes associated with strategy formulation and evaluation, fostering a flexible organizational culture that embraces change, and enhancing cognitive vigilance along with planning and execution skills. The theory calls for shifting away from traditional models of price equilibrium and supply-and-demand functions toward models of internal procedures and dynamic interactions. Given the scarcity of literature addressing these modern concepts in detail, this paper aims to characterize and discuss Competitive Rationality theory, linking it to the implementation of Total Quality Management systems (ISO 9001:2015) and Critical Success Factors (CSFs) within strategic management. The paper concludes that integrating these elements constitutes the primary pillar for ensuring sustainable success in an uncertain business environment.
Competitive Rationality, Imperfect Procedural Rationality, Total Quality Management (TQM), Critical Success Factors (CSFs), Strategic Management, Innovation, Operational Planning, Competitive Advantage
Professional Skills of Social Workers in the Field of Hearing Impairment: A Study of Practice Reality and Training Needs
This study aims to investigate the level of professional skills among social workers in dealing with hearing-impaired individuals and identify their training needs to enhance professional practice. The study utilized a descriptive-analytical methodology and was conducted on a comprehensive sample of social workers at the Al-Amal Center for the Education and Rehabilitation of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing in Tripoli. A questionnaire was employed as the research instrument. The results indicated that social workers possess high psychological and social skills, whereas there is a significant need to develop planning and technical skills, particularly regarding sign language. The study recommends implementing specialized training programs to address these professional requirements.
Professional Skills, Social Work, Hearing Impairment, Training Needs
The Scope of the Judge's Authority in Managing Civil Litigation: A Comparative Analytical Study of Libyan Legislation
This research explores the scope of the judge's authority in managing civil litigation as a vital procedural mechanism for protecting rights. It addresses the central problem of balancing positive judicial intervention with the principles of neutrality and contradiction. Using analytical, descriptive, and comparative methodologies, the study traces the evolution from the traditional passive role in the accusatorial system to the modern active role adopted by French, Egyptian, and Libyan legislation. The research highlights the legal foundations of this authority in the Libyan Constitutional Declaration and the Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure. It further examines manifestations of this power, such as characterizing claims, raising public policy issues, and overseeing evidence and experts. Finally, the study identifies critical constraints, including judicial neutrality and the right to defense, concluding that effective management requires a precise balance between procedural efficiency and the protection of litigants' guarantees.
Civil Litigation, Judicial Authority, Case Management, Principle of Neutrality, Right to Defense, Libyan Legislation
The Professional Role of the Social Worker in Developing Cultural Values among Children in Educational Institutions
This research aims to highlight the professional role of the social worker in developing cultural values among children, as childhood represents a fundamental stage in shaping personality and forming social and cultural values. The study adopts a descriptive analytical approach through reviewing and analyzing relevant literature and previous studies related to childhood and social work, with a focus on the role of educational institutions in the socialization process. The findings indicate that social workers play a vital role in activating educational and cultural activities, strengthening children’s sense of belonging, and meeting their psychological and social needs, which contributes to instilling positive cultural values and modifying behavior. The study emphasizes the importance of professional and training support for social workers to enhance their effectiveness in educational institutions.
Professional Role, Development, Cultural values
The Security Council's Referral of Resolution 1593 (2005) to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court: An Applied Study on the Darfur Region
This study examines the vital role of the UN Security Council within the framework of the United Nations Charter concerning the maintenance of international peace and security. It focuses on the functional integration between the Council and the International Criminal Court (ICC) in prosecuting perpetrators of atrocity crimes, including genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. The significance of this research lies in analyzing human rights violations and highlighting the issue of "politicization" in handling international cases, particularly the U.S. role in employing international legal mechanisms to serve political agendas. The study primarily aims to clarify the underlying dimensions of the diplomatic escalation and continuous pressure exerted by the U.S. administration toward the Sudanese government within the context of the Darfur crisis. To achieve these objectives, the research is divided into two sections: the first establishes the conceptual framework for both the Security Council and the ICC, while the second focuses on an applied study of Security Council Resolution 1593 (2005), which referred the Darfur situation to the ICC Prosecutor, alongside an analysis of the legal and political repercussions of this referral.
United Nations, UN Security Council, International Criminal Court (ICC), Resolution 1593, Darfur Region
Protection of Public Funds in Libyan and Egyptian Legislation: A Comparative Study in Light of Contemporary Legislative Challenges
This comparative study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the legislative framework in both the State of Libya and the Arab Republic of Egypt regarding the protection of public funds and the confrontation of crimes involving attacks on them. The research presents the conceptual framework of public money according to civil rules in both legislations, highlighting the "public utility allocation" criterion as a fundamental pillar for acquiring public status. It also analyzes the legal rules that guarantee the immunity of public funds, represented by the prohibition of their disposal, attachment, or acquisition by prescription. On the level of deterrent protection, the study addresses the criminal protection established for crimes of embezzlement, misappropriation, and intentional damage by detailing their legal elements, while demonstrating the role of oversight bodies in enhancing transparency and detecting violations. Furthermore, the research discusses the extent to which both legislations keep pace with economic transformations and emerging criminal patterns, particularly in the digital sphere. The study concludes by emphasizing the necessity of developing legislative frameworks to ensure an effective balance between safeguarding public funds and achieving the requirements of economic efficiency.
Public Funds, Legal Protection, Libyan Law, Egyptian Law, Emerging Crimes
Evolution of the Construction of Jurisprudential Maxims: The Maxim "Matters are Judged by their Intentions" as a Case Study—An Inductive Analytical Study
This study examines the evolution of the construction of jurisprudential maxims by monitoring the structural formulations of the maxims in fundamental and jurisprudential sources. It analyzes the differences between these structures in terms of phrasing and semantic significance, and their impact on fatwa and the judiciary. Adopting an inductive-analytical approach, the research surveys maxim texts in books of legal theory and jurisprudence to analyze various structures and clarify their impact on legal reasoning. The study concludes that jurisprudential maxims undergo various developmental stages, transitioning between concise and complex structures, often driven by factors such as the maturity of the jurisprudential movement, school differences, and the influence of official codification. Using the maxim "Matters are Judged by their Intentions" as a model, the research identifies the most appropriate structural formulation and the reasons for its preference.
Jurisprudential Maxims, Construction Evolution, Matters are Judged by their Intentions, Inductive Analysis, Legal Phrasing
Difficulties of Local Community Development and Mechanisms for Addressing Them from a Social Work Perspective: A Field Study on Bani Walid Municipality
This research aims to identify the difficulties hindering local community development and explore mechanisms for addressing them from a social work perspective, using the Bani Walid municipality as a model. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, and data were collected from a purposive sample of 70 respondents, including the head and members of the municipal council, office directors, and sector monitors. The results revealed that administrative difficulties ranked first, followed by economic and social difficulties. The most prominent obstacles included the lack of administrative follow-up, economic instability, and weak social awareness regarding the importance of participation in development. The study recommended enhancing developmental awareness among citizens, adhering to administrative hierarchy, and activating the role of social workers in leading local change.
Local Community Development, Development Difficulties, Social Work, Bani Walid Municipality
Psychological Needs and Their Relationship to Mental Health Among Orphans Living in Social Care Homes: A Descriptive-Analytical Study
The purpose of this study was to determine the psychological needs of orphans living in social care facilities and to show how these needs relate to mental health. The study was motivated by the issue that care facilities frequently concentrate on material and service-related aspects while ignoring psychological needs, given the significance of childhood as a fundamental stage in the development of human personality and the unique circumstances orphans face due to the loss of parental care and its resulting psychological and social effects. Orphans' mental health and psychological adjustment may suffer as a result of this neglect. The study used a descriptive-analytical methodology, which was thought to be appropriate for characterizing orphans' psychological requirements, assessing their mental health, and identifying the type of link between the two variables. The study examined the idea and categorization of psychological needs, concentrating on the most important requirements of orphans living in assisted living facilities, including the desire for emotional stability, security, love, belonging, self-worth, and success. The effects of meeting or rejecting these requirements on mental health were also explored. The study discovered a strong link between improving orphans' mental health and meeting their psychological requirements. While not meeting these demands results in a number of psychological and emotional issues, meeting them helps lower anxiety and depression levels and improve psychological and social integration. In order to support orphans' psychological well-being and their healthy psychological and social development, the study highlighted the importance of implementing psychological and counseling programs at care facilities that address psychological requirements in addition to material care.
Psychological needs, Orphans, Care homes, Mental health
The Impact of Strategic Planning on Project Efficiency and Effectiveness: An Applied Study on the General Secretariat of Strategic Planning in the Blue Nile Region
The study examines the impact of strategic planning on enhancing project efficiency and effectiveness, with an application to the General Secretariat for Strategic Planning in the Blue Nile Region. The research problem is addressed by investigating whether strategic planning requirements and stages influence project performance. The study is built upon four hypotheses: the impact of strategic planning requirements, stages, levels, and types on project efficiency. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, data were collected through references and a field survey (questionnaire) distributed to a sample of employees at the General Secretariat, followed by statistical analysis using SPSS. The findings indicate that achieving project goals necessitates long-term planning, and setting specific, measurable objectives forms the core of strategic planning. Furthermore, the availability of information is a vital pillar for effective planning that boosts project performance. The study recommends promoting a culture of strategic planning within projects, providing necessary funding for strategic programs, and identifying the political and cultural implications that significantly affect the planning process.
Strategic Planning, Project Efficiency, Project Effectiveness, Blue Nile Region, Project Management
Mindfulness as a Mediating Variable to Confront Digital Distraction and Test Anxiety, and Enhance Academic Well-being among University Students: A Fundamental Analytical Vision
This study explores the effectiveness of mindfulness as a psychological mechanism to confront digital distraction and test anxiety, while enhancing academic well-being and achievement motivation among university students. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the research establishes a theoretical framework for the interactions between these variables, highlighting mindfulness as a protective shield and a "mediating variable" that restores attentional control. The findings indicate that digital distraction acts as a primary predictor of increased test anxiety due to cognitive load. Conversely, mindfulness practices strengthen internal locus of control and cognitive regulation, transforming potential failure-avoidance into proactive academic persistence. The study proposes an integrated training program focused on digital awareness, attentional control, and physiological regulation to foster a resilient academic environment.
Mindfulness, Digital Distraction, Test Anxiety, Academic Well-being, Achievement Motivation, Cognitive Load, Attentional Control
Public Interest and its Impact on Regulating Takaful Insurance: A Study of Islamic Legal Theory and Jurisprudential Rules
This research examines a practical model of contemporary financial transactions by studying the impact of Public Interest (Al-Maslahah al-Mursalah) on Takaful Insurance. The study elucidates the concept of public interest, its classifications, the conditions for its validity, and its authoritative status among scholars of Islamic legal theory. Furthermore, it explores the nature of Takaful insurance and its standing within Sharia. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the role of public interest in establishing modern alternatives that align with the spirit and objectives (Maqasid) of Sharia while meeting contemporary needs. By analyzing its impact on Takaful insurance, the research highlights how public interest addresses modern financial issues (Nawazil) that lack specific textual precedents. The study emphasizes that such applications must adhere to fundamental jurisprudential controls and contribute to the overarching Sharia objective of wealth preservation.
Public Interest, Takaful Insurance, Financial Transactions, Maqasid-based Juristic Reasoning (Ijtihad), Wealth Preservation
Impact of Professional Development on AI Integration in English Language Classes
This study examined the influence of targeted professional development (PD) on the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in English Language Teaching (ELT) at Nile Valley University. Utilizing classroom observations and structured interviews with 30 teachers, the study investigated how PD initiatives redefine teachers' confidence, pedagogical practices, and attitudes towards AI adoption. The primary tools examined included AI-based writing assistants, pronunciation software, and adaptive learning platforms. Results indicate significant growth in instructor self-efficacy (rising from 2.9 to 4.2 on a 5-point Likert scale) and a distinct pedagogical shift, with AI tools supporting learner autonomy, reducing grading time, and increasing student engagement. Identified obstacles included unstable internet connectivity and large class sizes, while peer mentoring and tutorial assistance facilitated uptake. The study concluded that successful AI integration in ELT depends on a dual commitment: ongoing, practice-led professional development and robust institutional support. The findings offer contextual validation for the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by highlighting the mediating function of PD in bridging the gap between perceived usefulness and actual usage in low-resource contexts.
Artificial Intelligence, Professional Development, English Language Teaching. Higher Education, AI-Based Instructional Tools
This research paper addresses the fundamental question of the permissibility of using analogical reasoning (Qiyas) in matters of Islamic creed (Aqidah). The study concludes that the application of Qiyas varies according to its type and the specific branch of theology being discussed. It categorizes analogical reasoning into "Qiyas al-Tard" (similarity)—including representative, priority (Awla), and categorical analogies—and "Qiyas al-Aks" (contrast). The findings indicate that in Divinity (Ilahiyat), only the analogy of priority is permissible, provided it adheres to specific conditions such as representing absolute perfection. Conversely, any form of analogy is strictly prohibited in unseen matters (Ghaibiyat) because they rely solely on textual transmission. Regarding legislative matters of creed (Tashri'iyat), all types of analogy are applicable under defined jurisprudential rules.
Analogical Reasoning (Qiyas), Creed (Aqidah), Analogy of Priority, Divinity (Ilahiyat), Unseen Matters (Ghaibiyat)
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Impact of Quranic Readings on Linguistic Semantics: A Study in Phonological, Morphological, and Syntactic Levels
The renowned, anomalous, and highly anomalous Quranic readings have a significant impact on linguistic semantics in its various forms: lexical, phonological, syntactic, morphological, and contextual. This study examines models of authentically transmitted Quranic readings, highlighting their linguistic characteristics and the meanings that change with variations in their words and structures within the linguistic context. It also mentions the opinions of the most famous linguists, aiming to shed light on the linguistic and rhetorical aspects through concise explanations that reveal the aesthetic dimension of the Arabic language and demonstrate the effects of these readings on ancient and modern linguistic studies. The study also highlights the importance of the Quranic readings in the fundamentals of grammar, as they are considered a solid foundation for al-Samāʿ (auditory evidence) for grammarians, given that the Holy Quran has not been subjected to alteration or distortion. The Quranic readings have helped grammarians deduce various grammatical rules, who considered them a strong, undeniable evidence within the reliable auditory evidence from the pure speech of Arabs. It is well-known that grammar preserved the integrity of the sacred Quranic text, just as the Quran, with its different readings, preserved the Arabic language as an authentic source of al-Samāʿ. Thus, the benefit between them is reciprocal. Arab grammarians consider the Quranic readings an undeniable source when justifying the rules they champion in both ancient and modern linguistic studies. All these reasons motivate us to understand the nature of the correct reading and its most important conditions according to the scholars of readings, as well as the nature and types of semantics. I will provide brief examples and models that illustrate the meanings of the readings which change with the alteration of linguistic words and structures.
The Crime of Money Laundering in Light of International Standards
This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the crime of money laundering within the framework of international standards. It highlights the devastating economic and social impacts of money laundering, emphasizing its complex and evolving nature that transcends geographical boundaries. The paper examines key international legislative instruments and recommendations, including the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988), the European Convention (1990), the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recommendations, the Basel Recommendations (1988), the Wolfsberg Principles, and Security Council Resolution 1373 (2001). It assesses the adequacy and effectiveness of these mechanisms in combating money laundering, particularly in light of rapid technological advancements. The study underscores the critical need for continuous updates to national legal systems to align with international standards, thereby enhancing global efforts to counter sophisticated money laundering methods and protect the integrity of the financial system.
Examples of verses of corruption in the Holy Qur’an: An applied grammatical study
The importance of this research lies in its being one of the studies that addressed the Holy Qur'an as a fertile field for studying and codifying texts. This prompted me to write about the prevalence of corruption in contemporary societies, especially since Islam has refined its followers and established legal teachings that protect society from corruption and its causes. The researcher adopted a descriptive and analytical approach to describe reality and analyze the phenomena associated with it, in a manner that meets the objectives of the study. The results concluded that the Qur'anic verses contained multiple forms of the word (fatsad) in its grammatical cases. The passive participle (mufasid), the verb (fatsad/yufusid) in its various tenses, and the verbal noun (fasad) were used, while the active participle (fasid) was not used. The study also confirmed that the repetition of these forms reinforces the warning against the danger of corruption in societies, as the Qur'an makes clear that reform and adherence to religion are the source of good, while corruption and turning away from them are the source of evil. In conclusion, the study recommended making the Holy Quran the focus of grammatical, morphological, and rhetorical studies, and benefiting from the grammatical heritage and rhetorical exegesis, as these are scientific treasures that have yet to be fully explored. Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and may God's prayers and peace be upon our Master Muhammad, his family, and his companions.
Dr. Entisar Abdullah Abdelgadir Mohammed
Grammatical citations of the sayings of the Companions, may God be pleased with them
In addition to identifying the establishment of the foundations of grammar by Imam Ali bin Abi Talib, this study aims to identify the reality of learning grammar in the early Islamic era and to identify the sources of grammatical citation among the Companions. It also cites the sayings of the Companions in certain grammatical issues, like the subject and predicate and their abrogators, the parsing of the present tense verb, the introduction of the interrogative hamza on (la), the negator of the genus, and in directing the conjunction. At the end of the study, the researcher came to the conclusion that scholars and caliphs have been interested in learning grammar since the beginning of Islam, that Ali bin Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him, is the first to establish grammatical rules, and that the Companions, may God be pleased with them, played a significant role in the establishment of grammatical rules. The Companions, may God be pleased with them, relied on the Holy Qur'an and the Noble Hadith as the foundation for studying grammar rules, in addition to the Companions, may God be pleased with them, being interested in doing so through the interpretation of the Holy Qur'an. The researcher made a number of recommendations based on these findings, including the need to evaluate the sources grammarians used for their analysis and broaden the study of the sayings of the Companions; These citations continue to be a reliable source and a fundamental component of grammar. Additionally, additional topics about the role of the honourable companions in grammar and Arabic language curricula across all grade levels must be added, and the sayings of the companions, may God be pleased with them, must be cited when teaching the rules and foundations of grammar in colleges that are interested in studying the subject.
Mathematical Models for Multi-Strain Infectious Disease Spread: A Case Study Approach
The spread of multi-strain infectious diseases presents unique challenges for public health due to the complex interactions between different strains, cross-immunity, mutation rates, and strain evolution. This paper explores the role of mathematical models in understanding and managing multi-strain diseases such as influenza, dengue, and COVID-19. These models provide critical insights into disease dynamics, guiding vaccination strategies, resource allocation, and public health interventions. By incorporating factors such as cross-immunity, antigenic drift, mutation rates, and stochastic events, multi-strain models offer more accurate predictions of outbreaks and allow for targeted responses to evolving pathogens. Case studies, including Influenza A, dengue fever, and COVID-19 variants, demonstrate the practical application of these models in anticipating strain dominance, designing vaccines, and implementing effective public health policies. This paper highlights the importance of refining multi-strain models to improve global preparedness for future epidemics and pandemics, stressing the need for continuous surveillance, data integration, and international collaboration to mitigate the spread of multi-strain infectious diseases.
Public Health and Social Behavior: The Role of Social Sciences in Pandemic Response
This paper examines the crucial role of social behavior in shaping the effectiveness of public health responses during pandemics, with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. While epidemiological models provide essential insights into virus transmission, they often fail to account for social dynamics such as trust in institutions, compliance with health measures, and the spread of misinformation. By analyzing global case studies, particularly in countries like New Zealand and Taiwan, this paper demonstrates how integrating social sciences into public health strategies results in higher compliance and better outcomes. The study underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between social scientists and public health experts in pandemic planning, offering recommendations for policymakers to foster trust, tailor interventions to cultural contexts, and address misinformation effectively. The paper also highlights areas for future research, including the long-term societal impacts of pandemic behaviors and the need for real-time monitoring of social dynamics to enhance public health interventions.
The Evolution of Total Quality Management: From Manufacturing to Knowledge-Based Industries
Total Quality Management (TQM) began as a methodology focused on improving efficiency and reducing defects in manufacturing. Over time, it has evolved to address quality challenges across a wide range of industries, including knowledge-based sectors such as information technology, education, and healthcare. This paper explores the journey of TQM from its manufacturing origins to its current role in environments where knowledge, innovation, and service are the primary drivers of value. While traditional TQM centered on measurable production outcomes, modern applications often focus on customer satisfaction, employee engagement, and process improvement within intangible services. By adapting core principles like continuous improvement and customer-centric strategies, TQM has demonstrated versatility and relevance in industries that rely on intellectual output. This paper also highlights the challenges and complexities of implementing TQM in these sectors, where standardization is difficult and quality is more subjective. Through case studies and analysis, the paper provides insights into how organizations can apply TQM to maintain excellence in rapidly changing environments.
Sustainable Project Management: Integrating Environmental Considerations into Project Planning
Sustainable project management is increasingly becoming a critical aspect of project planning and execution, as organizations seek to balance economic objectives with environmental and social responsibilities. This paper explores how integrating environmental considerations into project management can lead to long-term benefits, such as cost savings, enhanced reputation, reduced ecological impact, and improved compliance with regulations. It highlights the challenges faced in adopting sustainable practices, including financial constraints, knowledge gaps, resistance to change, and limited access to green resources. By examining case studies from various industries, the paper demonstrates practical ways in which sustainability can be embedded into projects, showcasing the role of technologies like AI, IoT, and blockchain, as well as the influence of government policies and the shift towards circular economy models. The study concludes that sustainable project management is not just an option but a necessity for creating resilient, future-oriented projects that contribute positively to society and the environment. It offers recommendations for developing sustainability plans, training project managers, integrating sustainability into project management tools, and establishing key performance indicators to measure sustainability outcomes effectively.
Employee Well-being and Productivity: The Role of Mental Health Programs in the Workplace
Employee well-being significantly impacts productivity, and mental health programs play a critical role in fostering a This research paper explores the critical role of mental health programs in enhancing employee well-being and productivity within the workplace. The study examines how these initiatives contribute to increased productivity, reduced absenteeism, enhanced engagement, team collaboration, and organizational cohesion. Through a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, quantitative and qualitative data reveal that implementing mental health programs leads to significant improvements across various metrics, including task completion rates, job satisfaction, and financial returns. The findings demonstrate that organizations investing in mental health programs experience substantial benefits, such as a reduction in absenteeism by 40%, a 20% increase in employee engagement, and a 4.25:1 return on investment (ROI). Despite challenges like stigma and budget constraints, the study emphasizes the importance of ongoing support, leadership involvement, and adaptability to ensure the long-term success of mental health initiatives. The paper concludes that mental health programs are not just a compassionate choice but a strategic investment that fosters a healthier, more engaged, and high-performing workforce.